| dc.description.abstract | This manuscript is devoted to the study of the qualitative behaviour of the
solutions of evolution equations arising from elliptic and parabolic problems
on unbounded domains with unbounded coefficients. In particular, we deal
with the elliptic operator of the form
A = div(Q∇) + F · ∇ − V,
where the matrix Q(x) = (qij (x)) is symmetric and uniformly elliptic and the
coefficients qij , F and V are typically unbounded functions.
Since the classical semigroup theory does not apply in case of unbounded
coefficients, in Chapter 1 we illustrate how to construct the minimal semigroup
T(·) associated with A in Cb(R
d
). It provides a solution of the corresponding
parabolic Cauchy problem
(
∂tu(t, x) = Au(t, x), t > 0, x ∈ R
d
,
u(0, x) = f(x), x ∈ R
d
,
for f ∈ Cb(R
d
), that is given through an integral kernel p as follows
T(t)f(x) = Z
Rd
p(t, x, y)f(y) dy.
Moreover, such solution is unique if a Lyapunov function exists. Since an
explicit formula is in general not available, it is interesting to look for pointwise
estimates for the integral kernel p.
In Chapter 2 we consider a Schr ̈odinger type operator in divergence form,
namely the operator A when F = 0. We prove first that the minimal realiza-
tion Amin of A in L
2
(R
d
) with unbounded coefficients generates a symmetric
sub-Markovian and ultracontractive semigroup on L
2
(R
d
) which coincides on
L
2
(R
d
)∩Cb(R
d
) with the minimal semigroup generated by a realization of A on
Cb(R
d
). Moreover, using time dependent Lyapunov functions, we show point-
wise upper bounds for the heat kernel of A. We then improve such estimates
and deduce some spectral properties of Amin in concrete examples, such as in
the case of polynomial and exponential diffusion and potential coefficients.
Chapter 3 deals with the whole operator A. With appropriate modifi-
cations, similar kernel estimates described above are valid for this operator.
In addition, we prove global Sobolev regularity and pointwise upper bounds
for the gradient of p. We finally apply such estimates in case of polynomial
coefficients. [edited by Author] | it_IT |
